The Department of Telecommunications (DoT) has released the National Frequency Allocation Plan (NFAP) 2025, a key policy framework aimed at strengthening spectrum management and supporting next-generation communication technologies across India.
The updated plan is designed to enable the rollout of 5G, 5G Advanced and future 6G networks, while also facilitating the expansion of satellite communications, Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) systems, and advanced connectivity solutions. According to the Ministry of Communications, NFAP 2025 aligns India’s spectrum strategy with global standards, offering a long-term roadmap for telecom operators, spectrum planners, and equipment manufacturers.
Expanded Spectrum Coverage and Key Updates
NFAP 2025 covers radio-frequency spectrum allocations ranging from 8.3 kHz to 3,000 GHz, incorporating several strategic revisions to address rising demand for high-capacity wireless services. A major highlight is the identification of the 6425–7125 MHz band for International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT), which is expected to significantly enhance mid-band spectrum availability for 5G, 5G Advanced, and upcoming 6G deployments.
To support the growing satellite communications sector, the plan earmarks the Ka, Q, and V bands for satellite-based services. These allocations will enable high-throughput geostationary orbit (GSO) satellites as well as large low- and medium-Earth orbit (LEO/MEO) constellations, accelerating the adoption of satcom services across the country.
Focus on Emerging and Mobility Technologies
NFAP 2025 also includes spectrum provisions for Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communications, a critical component for connected vehicles, intelligent transport systems, and smart mobility initiatives. In addition, the plan supports In-Flight and Maritime Connectivity (IFMC), ensuring broadband access for passengers and operators in aviation and maritime sectors.
Government Outlook on Satellite Spectrum
Communications Minister Jyotiraditya Scindia recently stated that the government is preparing to allocate spectrum to satellite communication players. He confirmed that provisional spectrum has already been granted to companies such as OneWeb, Reliance Jio, and Starlink to demonstrate compliance with India’s security and data localisation requirements.
Addressing Parliament, Scindia clarified that India’s satellite communication policy is already in place and that satellite spectrum will be assigned administratively rather than through auctions.
The Ministry of Communications said NFAP 2025 will help create a future-ready, high-capacity, and globally harmonised spectrum ecosystem, supporting digital innovation and the growth of next-generation communication technologies across India.
BY: Nirosha Gupta

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